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Plants and plant products have been used in various cultures for thousand of years. The use of plants by native people for reliving sickness
and disease was based on instinct, intuition, or trial and error. Being experience-driven recognition of this bio-dynamism of plants become
a part of inherited wisdom rather than being based on knowledge of plants’ bio-active chemical constituents, which beneficially modulated
the physiology of a sick person. Almost all ancient cultures and communities thus evolved their own plant materia medica.
and disease was based on instinct, intuition, or trial and error. Being experience-driven recognition of this bio-dynamism of plants become
a part of inherited wisdom rather than being based on knowledge of plants’ bio-active chemical constituents, which beneficially modulated
the physiology of a sick person. Almost all ancient cultures and communities thus evolved their own plant materia medica.
Worldwide, more than 10, 000 plant species of higher plants have been used for medicinal purposes. Despite a phenomenal rise in the
pharmaceutical industry and dominance of synthetic drugs in western markets, nearly 70 per cent of the world’s population still depends on
the use of medicinal plants for relief from illness. Today, interest has revived in plants as likely sources of bulk raw material for new
commercial drugs. Modern analytical tools have not only revealed the enormous variety and complexity of bioactive principals of medicinal
plants but also confirmed their potential for use as medicines or as models for synthetic drugs.
pharmaceutical industry and dominance of synthetic drugs in western markets, nearly 70 per cent of the world’s population still depends on
the use of medicinal plants for relief from illness. Today, interest has revived in plants as likely sources of bulk raw material for new
commercial drugs. Modern analytical tools have not only revealed the enormous variety and complexity of bioactive principals of medicinal
plants but also confirmed their potential for use as medicines or as models for synthetic drugs.
There are no valid reasons why certain plants should possess bioactive principals
of medicinal value. Since antiquity, Neem, Azadirachta indica A juss. (Meliacese), a
native of the Indian sub-continent, has been associated with healing. Hindu
mythology has that when “Amrita” (sacred nectar) was being flown earth to heaven
for use by gods and goddesses, a few drops fell on the tree, thereby bestowing
upon it numerous of much properties of much use to humans better than those of
“Kalpa-vriksha,’’ the wish-fulfilling tree. Each and every part of this tree is used for
relieving sickness as well as during healthy state. The very name of the tree, “
Nimba,” in ancient Sanskrit language denotes its medicinal properties and is
synonymous with “ Arishta,” meaning the reliever of sickness. “ Pinchumada,”
another name of Neem in Sanskrit means the destroyer of leprosy and healer of
skin infections. Unani scholars knew Neem’s properties beneficial to human health
and named it as “ Shajar-e-Munarak ,” or the blessed tree. Persian scholars called
Neem “Azad dirakht-I-Hind,” meaning the noble or free tree of India. Neem’s
reputation as a reliever of sickness has traveled to far off countries in tropical Africa
where it was introduced a century ago and even Latin America, where it was
introduced in the past decade. In Kenya and neighboring countries in eastern Africa,
Neem in Kiswahili language is known as “ Mwarunaini,” meaning the reliever of 40
humans disorders. In Niger in West Africa the most often usage of Neem oil also is
for medicinal purpose.
of medicinal value. Since antiquity, Neem, Azadirachta indica A juss. (Meliacese), a
native of the Indian sub-continent, has been associated with healing. Hindu
mythology has that when “Amrita” (sacred nectar) was being flown earth to heaven
for use by gods and goddesses, a few drops fell on the tree, thereby bestowing
upon it numerous of much properties of much use to humans better than those of
“Kalpa-vriksha,’’ the wish-fulfilling tree. Each and every part of this tree is used for
relieving sickness as well as during healthy state. The very name of the tree, “
Nimba,” in ancient Sanskrit language denotes its medicinal properties and is
synonymous with “ Arishta,” meaning the reliever of sickness. “ Pinchumada,”
another name of Neem in Sanskrit means the destroyer of leprosy and healer of
skin infections. Unani scholars knew Neem’s properties beneficial to human health
and named it as “ Shajar-e-Munarak ,” or the blessed tree. Persian scholars called
Neem “Azad dirakht-I-Hind,” meaning the noble or free tree of India. Neem’s
reputation as a reliever of sickness has traveled to far off countries in tropical Africa
where it was introduced a century ago and even Latin America, where it was
introduced in the past decade. In Kenya and neighboring countries in eastern Africa,
Neem in Kiswahili language is known as “ Mwarunaini,” meaning the reliever of 40
humans disorders. In Niger in West Africa the most often usage of Neem oil also is
for medicinal purpose.
The earliest authentic record of the curative properties of Neem and is uses in the indigenous system of medicine in India is found in
Kautilya’s "Arthashastra" around 4th century BC. The record shows that the non-edible Neem oil was perhaps the oldest known medicinal
oil. Neem's medicinal properties are well documented in "Ayurveda," the ancient Indian system of medicine, which emphasizes a holistic
approach to human health and well being. Almost every part of the Neem tree has found some medicinal use (Mitra-1963). Major
categories of physiological effect attributed to the use of various parts of products of the Neem tree are: Tonic and anti-periodic (root bark,
stem bark, and young fruit), antiseptic and local stimulant (seed, oil, and leaves), stimulant tonic and stomachic (flowers), demulcent tonic
(gum), and refreshing, nutrient, and alternative tonic (toddy).Neem bark , leaves , and fruits have been used in Ayurvedic medicines for a
long time and there used are described in ancient writing of Sushruta
Kautilya’s "Arthashastra" around 4th century BC. The record shows that the non-edible Neem oil was perhaps the oldest known medicinal
oil. Neem's medicinal properties are well documented in "Ayurveda," the ancient Indian system of medicine, which emphasizes a holistic
approach to human health and well being. Almost every part of the Neem tree has found some medicinal use (Mitra-1963). Major
categories of physiological effect attributed to the use of various parts of products of the Neem tree are: Tonic and anti-periodic (root bark,
stem bark, and young fruit), antiseptic and local stimulant (seed, oil, and leaves), stimulant tonic and stomachic (flowers), demulcent tonic
(gum), and refreshing, nutrient, and alternative tonic (toddy).Neem bark , leaves , and fruits have been used in Ayurvedic medicines for a
long time and there used are described in ancient writing of Sushruta
Neem bark is a bitter tonic, astringent and considered useful fevers, thirst, nausea, and vomiting, and skin infection. A decoction is
prepared by boiling 2 oz of the inner bark with a few cloves or cinnamon in 30 oz of water for 15min. After cooling, the decoction is
administered in 2-oz doses, thrice a day to treat fevers.
prepared by boiling 2 oz of the inner bark with a few cloves or cinnamon in 30 oz of water for 15min. After cooling, the decoction is
administered in 2-oz doses, thrice a day to treat fevers.
Neem leaves have been used as a popular remedy for skin infections. Fresh Neem leaf juice mixed with honey is given to treat skin
diseases and jaundice, with a little salt is administered for getting rid of intestinal worms. Use of leaves is also recommended for treatment
of prurigo, boils, and urticaria. Neem leaves as poultice, wash, ointment or liniment are applied to treat ulcers and skin diseases.
diseases and jaundice, with a little salt is administered for getting rid of intestinal worms. Use of leaves is also recommended for treatment
of prurigo, boils, and urticaria. Neem leaves as poultice, wash, ointment or liniment are applied to treat ulcers and skin diseases.
Neem fruits are purgative and emollient and highly effective against intestinal worms, urinary infection, and piles. Neem Oil extracted from
Neem Seed is used in skin diseases, cut wounds, bruises, burns, and ulcers.
Neem Seed is used in skin diseases, cut wounds, bruises, burns, and ulcers.
Neem materials mixed in known proportions with some other herbal medicines and administered internally are considered in Ayurvadic
system even more efficacious in treatment of obstinate disorders.
system even more efficacious in treatment of obstinate disorders.
In Andhra Pradesh , south of central India, Neem in Telgu language is known as “Vepa” or the purifier of air. Mere presence of the Neem
tree near human dwellings is believed to materially improve human health and even act as a prophylactic against malarial fever and even
cholera. In Utter Pardesh in northern India, village surrounded with Neem trees, were frequently cited as proverbially free form fever, when
the neighboring villages without Neem suffered severely (Mitra 1963). Belief in curative properties of Neem in some population in India is
so strong that it defies explanation. For example, certain people believed that a patient laid on a bed of Neem leaves and fanned with a
Neem branch could be cured of smallpox, chickenpox, or even syphilis. The Khasi and jaintia tribes in northeastern India use Neem leaves
for curing diarrhoea and dysentery, while leaves and fruits are used in treating tuberculosis and heart diseases. Because of such diverse
curative properties, Neem is appropriately known as “ The Village Pharmacy“ in rural India and has secured a place in the Indian
Pharmacopoeia. The common preparations are the powdered bark, the fresh leaves, a decoction and tincture of powdered bark, and a
poultice of Neem leaves. The bark is said to be astringent, tonic and anti-periodic, while the leaves are said to act as a stimulant application
to indolent and ill-conditioned ulcers.
tree near human dwellings is believed to materially improve human health and even act as a prophylactic against malarial fever and even
cholera. In Utter Pardesh in northern India, village surrounded with Neem trees, were frequently cited as proverbially free form fever, when
the neighboring villages without Neem suffered severely (Mitra 1963). Belief in curative properties of Neem in some population in India is
so strong that it defies explanation. For example, certain people believed that a patient laid on a bed of Neem leaves and fanned with a
Neem branch could be cured of smallpox, chickenpox, or even syphilis. The Khasi and jaintia tribes in northeastern India use Neem leaves
for curing diarrhoea and dysentery, while leaves and fruits are used in treating tuberculosis and heart diseases. Because of such diverse
curative properties, Neem is appropriately known as “ The Village Pharmacy“ in rural India and has secured a place in the Indian
Pharmacopoeia. The common preparations are the powdered bark, the fresh leaves, a decoction and tincture of powdered bark, and a
poultice of Neem leaves. The bark is said to be astringent, tonic and anti-periodic, while the leaves are said to act as a stimulant application
to indolent and ill-conditioned ulcers.
